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1.
Rev Chilena Infectol ; 38(3): 423-431, 2021 Jun.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34479301

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a severe syndrome, potentially lethal, with a pathological activation of the immune system and an extreme hyperinflammatory response. The etiology is classified in primary HLH (familiar or genetic) and secondary (infectious, oncological, and rheumatological diseases). AIM: To analyze clinical and laboratory characteristics, treatment, and follow-up rates in pediatric patients with HLH. METHODS: A pediatric cohort of patients with HLH diagnosis attending in a tertiary hospital between January 2000 to February 2019 was analysed. RESULTS: 23 hospitalized patients were recruited with a median of 36 months of age. The most frequent clinical and laboratory findings were fever, cytopenias, and hyperferritinemia. The most frequent aetiologies were infectious (Epstein Barr virus and citomegalovirus) and rheumatological diseases. The global mortality was 35%, there was no significant difference between etiologies. DISCUSSION: Considering the high mortality of HLH it is very important to have a high grade of suspicion that allows treating at an early stage. It would be important to determine clinical and laboratory predictors in multicentric studies.


Assuntos
Infecções por Vírus Epstein-Barr , Linfo-Histiocitose Hemofagocítica , Criança , Seguimentos , Herpesvirus Humano 4 , Humanos , Linfo-Histiocitose Hemofagocítica/diagnóstico , Linfo-Histiocitose Hemofagocítica/etiologia , Centros de Atenção Terciária
2.
Rev. chil. infectol ; 38(3): 423-431, jun. 2021. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1388244

RESUMO

INTRODUCCIÓN: La linfohistiocitosis hemofagocítica (HLH en inglés) es un síndrome clínico grave, potencialmente fatal, caracterizado por una activación patológica del sistema inmune y una respuesta hiperinflamatoria extrema. Según su etiología se clasifica en primario (genético o familiar) y secundario (gatillado por causas infecciosas, oncológicas o reumatológicas). OBJETIVOS: Describir y analizar las características clínicas y laboratorio, tratamiento recibido y seguimiento en pacientes pediátricos con diagnóstico de HLH. PACIENTES Y MÉTODOS: Se describió una cohorte pediátrica en pacientes hospitalizados con diagnóstico de HLH en un centro terciario universitario entre enero de 2000 y febrero de 2019. RESULTADOS: Se reclutaron 23 pacientes pediátricos con una mediana de edad de 36 meses. Los hallazgos clínicos y de laboratorio más frecuentes fueron fiebre, citopenias e hiperferritinemia. La etiología más frecuente fue infecciosa (virus Epstein Barr/citomegalovirus) e inmunológica/reumatológica. La mortalidad global fue de 35%, sin diferencias significativas según etiología. DISCUSIÓN: Dada su alta mortalidad es relevante un alto índice de sospecha que permita instaurar terapia de forma precoz. Son necesarios estudios multicéntricos para determinar predictores clínicos y de laboratorio con valor pronóstico.


BACKGROUND: Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a severe syndrome, potentially lethal, with a pathological activation of the immune system and an extreme hyperinflammatory response. The etiology is classified in primary HLH (familiar or genetic) and secondary (infectious, oncological, and rheumatological diseases). AIM: To analyze clinical and laboratory characteristics, treatment, and follow-up rates in pediatric patients with HLH. METHODS: A pediatric cohort of patients with HLH diagnosis attending in a tertiary hospital between January 2000 to February 2019 was analysed. RESULTS: 23 hospitalized patients were recruited with a median of 36 months of age. The most frequent clinical and laboratory findings were fever, cytopenias, and hyperferritinemia. The most frequent aetiologies were infectious (Epstein Barr virus and citomegalovirus) and rheumatological diseases. The global mortality was 35%, there was no significant difference between etiologies. DISCUSSION: Considering the high mortality of HLH it is very important to have a high grade of suspicion that allows treating at an early stage. It would be important to determine clinical and laboratory predictors in multicentric studies.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Infecções por Vírus Epstein-Barr , Linfo-Histiocitose Hemofagocítica/diagnóstico , Linfo-Histiocitose Hemofagocítica/etiologia , Seguimentos , Herpesvirus Humano 4 , Centros de Atenção Terciária
3.
Neumol. pediátr. (En línea) ; 14(3): 154-158, sept. 2019. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1087672

RESUMO

One of the most frequent consultations in pediatric immunology corresponds to patients with recurrent respiratory infections. The most frequent clinical conditions for what they consult are recurrent viral infections, recurrent acute otitis media, recurrent sinusitis and recurrent pneumonia. Approximately 10% of patients who consult for these conditions may have a specific antibody deficiency. Specific antibody deficiency is a type of primary immunodeficiency, which is classified within the humoral deficit group, where there is a failure in the immune response for polysaccharide antigens with normal immunoglobulin levels. The diagnosis must be made since 2 years old, when the immune system acquires the ability to present a humoral response to polysaccharide antigens. In an undetermined percentage of patients, the specific antibody deficit can be resolved with the maturity of the immune system and there are patients who require prolonged treatment with antibiotic prophylaxis and gamma globulin.


Una de las consultas más frecuentes en inmunología pediátrica corresponde a pacientes con infecciones respiratorias recurrentes. Los cuadros clínicos más frecuentes por lo que consultan son infecciones virales recurrentes, otitis media aguda recurrente, sinusitis recurrente y neumonía recurrente. Aproximadamente el 10% de los pacientes que consultan por estos cuadros puede presentar una deficiencia de anticuerpos específica. La deficiencia anticuerpo específica es un tipo de inmunodeficiencia primaria, que se clasifica dentro del grupo de déficit humorales, en donde existe una falla en la respuesta inmune para antígenos polisacáridos con niveles de inmunoglobulinas normales. El diagnóstico se debe realizar después de los 2 años que es cuando el sistema inmune adquiere la capacidad de presentar respuesta humoral a antígenos polisacáridos. En un porcentaje no determinado de pacientes, el déficit de anticuerpos específicos se puede resolver con la madurez del sistema inmunológico y existen pacientes que requieren tratamiento prolongado con profilaxis antibiótica y gamaglobulina.


Assuntos
Humanos , Criança , Infecções Respiratórias/imunologia , Síndromes de Imunodeficiência/complicações , Pneumonia , Recidiva , Infecções Respiratórias/complicações , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Síndromes de Imunodeficiência/diagnóstico
4.
Rev. chil. pediatr ; 83(5): 431-437, oct. 2012. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-662209

RESUMO

Background: It has been observed that some psychological factors tend to stimulate food intake in the absence of hunger in obese children. objective: To evaluate whether obese children have a greater tendency to eat in the absence of hunger, in response to various emotional and environmental factors versus normal weight children. subjects and Methods: Obese patients were selected according to NCHS/CDC2000 (n = 49 and n = 99 for non-obese children), males and females in the age group of 6-12 years who consulted in the UC health network and also children that were evaluated in schools located in southeastern Santiago. The questionnaire "Eating in the absence of hunger" was used, which measures three subscales: external stimuli, fatigue/boredom and negative feelings. results: Factor analysis showed a significant degree of overlap between the "fatigue/boredom" and "negative feelings" subscales. Obese children had higher scores on "external stimuli" versus normal weight children (median 2.7 compared to 1.7, p < 0.001). In the "fatigue/boredom" subscale, scores of 2.5 versus 1.2 (p < 0.001) were obtained, while in "negative feelings", scores reported 2.0 versus 1.2 (p = 0.0013). Conclusions: Obese patients reported higher scores on the questionnaire "Eating in the absence of hunger" than non-obese children, identifying modifiable and educable stimuli that could prevent this eating behavior.


Introducción: Se ha observado que en los niños obesos, algunos factores psicológicos tienden a estimular la ingesta de alimentos en ausencia de hambre. objetivo: Evaluar si los niños obesos presentan mayor tendencia a comer en ausencia de hambre, en respuesta a distintos factores emocionales y ambientales, en comparación con niños normopeso. Pacientes y Método: Se seleccionaron pacientes obesos según NCHS/CDC2000 (n = 49) y normopeso (n = 99) de ambos sexos y con edades entre 6-12 años, que consultaron en forma espontánea en la Red de Salud UC y niños evaluados en colegios del sector suroriente de Santiago. Se aplicó el cuestionario "Comer en ausencia de hambre" que mide tres subescalas: Estímulos externos, cansancio/aburrimiento y sentimientos negativos. resultados: El análisis factorial reveló un importante grado de solapamiento entre las ponderaciones de las subescalas "cansancio/aburrimiento" y "sentimientos negativos". Los niños con obesidad presentaron mayores puntajes en la dimensión "estímulos externos" que los niños normopeso (mediana de 2,7 versus 1,7; p < 0,001). En "cansancio/aburrimiento" se obtuvieron puntajes de 2,5 versus 1,2 (p < 0,001) mientras que en "sentimientos negativos" los puntajes fueron 2,0 versus 1,2 (p = 0,0013). Conclusiones: Los pacientes obesos presentaron mayores puntajes en la encuesta alimentaria "Comer en ausencia de hambre" que los niños normopeso, pudiendo identificarse estímulos modificables y educables que podrían prevenir esta conducta alimentaria.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Comportamento Alimentar , Ingestão de Alimentos/psicologia , Obesidade/etiologia , Inquéritos e Questionários , Fenômenos Fisiológicos da Nutrição Infantil , Análise Fatorial , Fome/fisiologia , Obesidade/psicologia
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